여름철 ____이 계속되면서 사람들이 힘들어하고 있다.
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정답: B. 폭염
How to solve: The sentence describes people having a hard time because something continues during summer. Among the choices, '폭염' (heat wave) is the only one that fits the context of summer difficulties related to weather.
Choice analysis (EN):
A — 폭설 (heavy snow) occurs in winter, not summer.
B — 폭염 (scorching heat or heat wave) is common in summer and makes people suffer, fitting the context perfectly.
C — 폭풍 (storm) can occur in any season, but '폭염' is more specific to the 'hard time' in summer due to heat.
D — 폭우 (heavy rain) can cause difficulties, but the context '힘들어하고 있다' (having a hard time) more directly points to the discomfort of extreme heat.
밤에도 기온이 25도 이상으로 떨어지지 않는 ____ 때문에 잠을 잘 수가 없다.
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정답: B. 열대야
How to solve: The sentence describes a phenomenon where the temperature does not drop below 25 degrees Celsius even at night, making it difficult to sleep. This precisely defines '열대야'.
Choice analysis (EN):
A — 춘곤증 (spring fever) is about drowsiness in spring, unrelated to high night temperatures.
B — 열대야 (tropical night) refers to a night when the minimum temperature remains above 25°C, making sleep difficult. This is the correct answer.
C — 일교차 (daily temperature range) is the difference between the highest and lowest temperatures in a day, not a consistently high night temperature.
D — 한파 (cold wave) is the opposite of high temperatures.
더운 날씨에는 ____를 예방하기 위해 물을 많이 마셔야 한다.
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정답: C. 탈수
How to solve: The sentence states that one should drink a lot of water in hot weather to prevent something. Drinking water helps prevent dehydration, which is a risk in hot weather.
Choice analysis (EN):
A — 과식 (overeating) is not primarily prevented by drinking water.
B — 운동 (exercise) is an activity, not something prevented by drinking water in this context.
C — 탈수 (dehydration) is a critical condition in hot weather that can be prevented by drinking plenty of water. This is the correct answer.
D — 소화불량 (indigestion) can be aided by water, but it's not the primary prevention focus in hot weather related to water intake.
____가 심할 때는 야외 활동을 자제하고 실내에서 휴식을 취하는 것이 좋습니다.
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정답: A. 무더위
How to solve: The sentence advises refraining from outdoor activities and resting indoors when something is severe. This is typical advice during extremely hot weather.
Choice analysis (EN):
A — 무더위 (sultry heat or sweltering heat). When it's severe, it's wise to avoid outdoor activities and stay indoors. This is the correct answer.
B — 추위 (cold) also limits outdoor activities, but the context here is related to heat wave vocabulary.
C — 안개 (fog) might limit visibility but doesn't typically lead to the advice of 'resting indoors' in the same way severe heat does.
D — 비 (rain) might limit outdoor activities, but the primary concern of 'resting indoors' due to severity is more strongly associated with extreme heat.
한낮에 뜨거운 햇볕 아래 오래 있으면 ____에 걸릴 수 있으니 조심해야 한다.
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정답: B. 일사병
How to solve: The sentence warns about a condition one can get from staying under the hot sun for a long time at midday. This condition is commonly known as heatstroke or sunstroke.
Choice analysis (EN):
A — 감기 (cold) is typically caused by viruses, not prolonged sun exposure.
B — 일사병 (heatstroke or sunstroke) is a condition caused by prolonged exposure to high temperatures, especially direct sunlight. This is the correct answer.
C — 두통 (headache) can be a symptom of heatstroke, but it is not the primary condition itself in this context.
D — 멀미 (motion sickness) is unrelated to sun exposure.
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