TOPIK Practice – TOPIK I 어휘 [vocabulary] 1–5 (7/21/2026) – legionnaires disease outbreak

정답: B. 발생

How to solve: The sentence indicates that something related to Legionnaires' disease is 'rapidly increasing'. Among the choices, '발생' (occurrence/outbreak) fits this context best as diseases 'occur' or 'break out'.

A — '예방' means prevention. Prevention does not 'rapidly increase' in this context.

B — '발생' means occurrence or outbreak. An 'outbreak' of a disease can rapidly increase, making this the correct choice.

C — '치료' means treatment. Treatment is given, not something that 'rapidly increases' in general terms for a disease itself.

D — '증상' means symptoms. While symptoms appear, the 'rapid increase' refers to the overall incidence or occurrence, not the symptoms themselves.

정답: C. 감염

How to solve: The sentence states that the disease is caused by bacteria in water. When a disease is caused by a pathogen, it implies the host is 'infected'. Therefore, '감염되다' (to be infected) is the most suitable verb.

A — '예방되다' means to be prevented. Diseases are not 'prevented' by bacteria; they are prevented from occurring.

B — '치료되다' means to be treated. Diseases are treated after they occur, not 'by' bacteria.

C — '감염되다' means to be infected. This is the correct term for contracting a disease from pathogens like bacteria.

D — '진단되다' means to be diagnosed. Diagnosis is the identification of a disease, not the mechanism by which it is caused by bacteria.

정답: C. 호흡기

How to solve: Legionnaires' disease is a respiratory illness. The bacteria enter the body through the system responsible for breathing. Therefore, '호흡기' (respiratory tract) is the correct entry point.

A — '피부' means skin. While some infections can enter through the skin, Legionnaires' disease is known to affect the lungs.

B — '소화기' means digestive tract. This disease is not typically contracted by ingesting contaminated food or water in this manner.

C — '호흡기' means respiratory tract. Legionnaires' bacteria are inhaled through aerosols, entering the respiratory system, which is correct for this disease.

D — '신경계' means nervous system. The bacteria do not primarily enter the body through the nervous system to cause this disease.

정답: A. 세균

How to solve: The sentence states that Legionnaires' disease is caused by something other than a virus. Legionnaires' disease is known to be a bacterial infection. Therefore, '세균' (bacteria) is the correct choice.

A — '세균' means bacteria. Legionnaires' disease is indeed caused by Legionella bacteria, making this the correct answer.

B — '곰팡이' means fungi. Fungi cause different types of infections.

C — '기생충' means parasite. Parasites cause parasitic diseases, which are distinct from bacterial infections.

D — '미세먼지' means fine dust. Fine dust is a pollutant that can affect respiratory health but does not directly cause an infectious disease like Legionnaires'.

정답: D. 예방

How to solve: The sentence talks about thorough environmental hygiene, such as managing cooling towers, which are measures taken to 'prevent' the disease. Therefore, '예방' (prevention) is the appropriate action to strive for.

A — '확산' means spread. Environmental hygiene aims to prevent the spread, not to strive for the spread itself.

B — '치료' means treatment. Treatment occurs after the disease has been contracted, not through environmental hygiene measures.

C — '진단' means diagnosis. Diagnosis is identifying the disease, not something directly achieved by environmental hygiene.

D — '예방' means prevention. Maintaining environmental hygiene, like managing cooling towers, is a key method for preventing the outbreak and spread of Legionnaires' disease, making this the correct choice.