TOPIK Practice – TOPIK I 어휘 [vocabulary] 1–5 (6/29/2026) – birthright citizenship in the united states

정답: B. 시민권

How to solve: The sentence states that in the U.S., one automatically obtains something upon birth. Among the choices, 'citizenship' (시민권) is the correct term for what is automatically granted at birth in the context of birthright citizenship.

A — 여권 (yeogwon) means 'passport'. A passport is a travel document, not something automatically obtained at birth.

B — 시민권 (simin-gwon) means 'citizenship'. This aligns with the concept of birthright citizenship, where citizenship is automatically granted upon birth in the country.

C — 운전면허 (unjeon-myeonheo) means 'driver's license'. A driver's license is obtained after reaching a certain age and passing tests, not at birth.

D — 비자 (bija) means 'visa'. A visa is permission to enter or stay in a country, usually for non-citizens, and is not obtained at birth by citizens.

정답: C. 출생

How to solve: The sentence describes the system where nationality is granted if a child is born on U.S. soil. This refers to 'birthright citizenship'. The blank needs a word that means 'birth' to complete the phrase.

A — 가족 (gajok) means 'family'. 'Family citizenship' does not fit the context.

B — 교육 (gyoyuk) means 'education'. 'Education citizenship' does not fit the context.

C — 출생 (chulsaeng) means 'birth'. 'Birth citizenship' (출생 시민권) is the correct term for birthright citizenship, which is granted based on where one is born.

D — 결혼 (gyeorhon) means 'marriage'. 'Marriage citizenship' refers to citizenship obtained through marriage, which is different from birthright citizenship.

정답: B. 제도

How to solve: The sentence states that the U.S. has a unique ( ) based on 'jus soli' (속지주의). Jus soli is a legal principle, which is part of a country's 'system' or 'institution'.

A — 음식 (eumsik) means 'food'. This does not fit the context of legal principles like jus soli.

B — 제도 (jedo) means 'system' or 'institution'. This is the appropriate word as 'jus soli' is a legal system or institution.

C — 역사 (yeoksa) means 'history'. While jus soli has a history, the sentence refers to what the U.S. 'has' based on it, which is a system.

D — 문화 (munhwa) means 'culture'. While legal systems are part of a broader culture, 'system' is more specific and fitting here.

정답: C. 권리

How to solve: The sentence says that children born in the U.S. have ( ) as citizens. Citizens typically have 'rights' in their country. The context of birthright citizenship implies receiving certain entitlements.

A — 의무 (uimu) means 'duty'. While citizens have duties, the primary benefit of birthright citizenship is gaining rights.

B — 책임 (chaegim) means 'responsibility'. Similar to duties, responsibilities come with citizenship, but 'rights' are more fundamental to the initial acquisition of citizenship.

C — 권리 (gwolli) means 'right'. Citizens have fundamental rights, and this is a key aspect of birthright citizenship.

D — 부담 (budam) means 'burden' or 'load'. This is a negative term and does not fit the context of what citizens 'have' as a benefit.

정답: B. 영토

How to solve: The sentence defines 'jus soli' (속지주의) as a principle that grants nationality to a person born within a nation's ( ). Jus soli specifically refers to birth within a nation's 'territory' or 'soil'.

A — 수도 (sudo) means 'capital city'. While a capital city is part of a country, jus soli applies to the entire territory.

B — 영토 (yeongto) means 'territory' or 'land'. This is the core concept of jus soli, where citizenship is determined by the place of birth within a country's boundaries.

C — 학교 (hakgyo) means 'school'. Birth in a school does not grant nationality under jus soli.

D — 시장 (sijang) means 'market'. Birth in a market does not grant nationality under jus soli.