다음 중 '부정한 이득을 얻기 위해 공무원 등에게 주는 돈이나 물건'을 의미하는 단어는 무엇입니까?
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정답: B. 뇌물
How to solve: This question asks for the specific term that refers to money or goods given to someone (especially a public official) to gain an unfair advantage. Evaluate each choice based on this definition.
Choice analysis (EN):
A — 선물 (present): A gift given out of goodwill, not for an illicit purpose.
B — 뇌물 (bribery/bribe): Exactly matches the definition of giving money or goods for an illegal or improper advantage.
C — 용돈 (allowance/pocket money): Money given for personal use, usually by parents to children.
D — 수고비 (service fee/tip): Money given for effort or a job done, not for illegal gain.
회사 간부가 계약을 따내기 위해 상대방에게 ____을(를) 주었다. 이 경우 빈칸에 들어갈 가장 적절한 단어는 무엇입니까?
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정답: C. 뇌물
How to solve: The sentence describes an executive giving money to win a contract, implying an improper action. Identify the word that fits this context of illicit payment.
Choice analysis (EN):
A — 기부금 (donation): Money given to charities or organizations without expecting personal gain.
B — 후원금 (sponsorship money): Money given to support an event, person, or organization, often for public relations or marketing.
C — 뇌물 (bribe): Money given to influence someone's actions for an illicit advantage, which fits the context of '따내기 위해' (to win/secure) a contract improperly.
D — 협찬금 (sponsorship/endorsement money): Similar to 후원금, often used in media or events.
공무원이 자신의 직위를 이용하여 부당하게 돈을 받거나 이득을 취하는 행위를 무엇이라고 합니까?
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정답: C. 뇌물수수
How to solve: The question asks for the term describing a public official's improper act of receiving money or benefits due to their position. Look for the word that encompasses this corrupt behavior.
Choice analysis (EN):
A — 봉사 (service/volunteer work): Actions done to help others without expecting personal gain.
B — 청렴 (integrity/incorruptibility): The quality of being honest and having strong moral principles, especially in public service. It's the opposite of the described act.
C — 뇌물수수 (bribery, specifically giving and receiving bribes): This term accurately describes the act of public officials improperly receiving money or benefits.
D — 친목 (fellowship/socializing): Friendly association with others.
뇌물을 주고받는 행위와 반대되는, 깨끗하고 바른 태도를 의미하는 단어는 무엇입니까?
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정답: C. 청렴
How to solve: This question asks for a word that means a clean and upright attitude, directly contrasting with the act of bribery. Find the antonym or opposite concept of corruption and bribery.
Choice analysis (EN):
A — 부정 (injustice/wrongdoing): Refers to something unfair or illegal.
B — 부패 (corruption): Refers to dishonest or fraudulent conduct by those in power, typically involving bribery. This is related to but not the opposite of the given concept.
C — 청렴 (integrity/incorruptibility): This is the direct opposite of corruption and bribery, meaning being honest and morally upright.
D — 편법 (shortcut/expedient but possibly improper method): A way of doing things that might be easier but not necessarily legal or ethical.
어떤 정치인이 건설 사업 인허가 과정에서 ____을(를) 받았다는 의혹이 제기되었다.
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정답: B. 뇌물
How to solve: The sentence describes a politician receiving something suspicious during a project approval process, implying illegal gain. Choose the word that signifies such an illicit payment.
Choice analysis (EN):
A — 성과금 (performance bonus): Money given for good work performance.
B — 뇌물 (bribe): Money or valuables given to influence a person in a position of trust, fitting the context of illegal influence in project approval.
C — 장려금 (incentive/subsidy): Money given to encourage something or support an activity.
D — 위로금 (consolation money/solatium): Money given to comfort someone for suffering or loss.
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